The most useful local expressions, ordered by importance. Pronunciations are approximate.
Greetings
1
Hola
Hi (the most common greeting) “OH-lah”
2
Buenos días
Good morning “BWEH-nohs DEE-ahs”
3
Gracias
Thank you “GRAH-syahs”
4
Por favor
Please “por fah-VOR”
5
Buenas tardes
Good afternoon “BWEH-nahs TAR-dehs”
6
¿Cómo está?
How are you? (polite) “KOH-moh eh-STAH?”
7
Con permiso
Excuse me (passing by or leaving) “kohn per-MEE-soh”
Local etiquette
Warmth matters in greetings. Women, and men greeting women, exchange a light single cheek-kiss (beso); men shake hands or give a light hug (abrazo).
Add "¿Cómo está?" after "Hola" — jumping straight to business feels curt.
It's natural to smile and greet even strangers. A blank face reads as cold.
Basics
1
Sí / No
Yes / No “see / noh”
2
No entiendo
I don't understand “noh en-TYEN-doh”
3
No hablo español
I don't speak Spanish “noh AH-bloh es-pah-NYOL”
4
¿Habla inglés?
Do you speak English? “AH-blah een-GLEHS?”
5
Más despacio, por favor
More slowly, please “mahs des-PAH-syoh, por fah-VOR”
6
¿Qué es esto?
What is this? “keh es EH-stoh?”
7
¿Me ayuda, por favor?
Can you help me, please? “meh ah-YOO-dah, por fah-VOR?”
8
¿Puedo tomar una foto?
May I take a photo? “PWEH-doh toh-MAR OO-nah FOH-toh?”
Local etiquette
Don't drink tap water. Buy bottled water (agua embotellada) and make sure ice is made from purified water.
Time runs a bit loose (hora mexicana). Relax and wait rather than getting frustrated.
Shopping
1
¿Cuánto cuesta?
How much is it? “KWAN-toh KWEH-stah?”
2
¿Me da un descuento?
Can you give me a discount? (market haggling) “meh dah oon des-KWEN-toh?”
3
Es muy caro
It's too expensive “es mwee KAH-roh”
4
¿Aceptan tarjeta?
Do you accept cards? “ah-SEP-tahn tar-HEH-tah?”
5
Me llevo esto
I'll take this “meh YEH-boh EH-stoh”
6
¿Me da una bolsa?
Could I get a bag? “meh dah OO-nah BOHL-sah?”
Local etiquette
Haggling is expected at markets (mercado) and souvenir stalls — smile and open with "Es muy caro." But department stores and supermarkets have fixed prices.
Carry cash and small change (monedas) for small purchases; street stalls often don't take cards.
Confirm whether a price is in pesos or dollars — tourist spots sometimes quote inflated dollar prices.
Restaurant
1
El menú, por favor
The menu, please “el meh-NOO, por fah-VOR”
2
¿Qué me recomienda?
What do you recommend? “keh meh reh-koh-MYEN-dah?”
3
¿Pica mucho?
Is it very spicy? (salsa/tacos) “PEE-kah MOO-choh?”
4
Sin chile, por favor
Without chili, please “seen CHEE-leh, por fah-VOR”
5
Agua, por favor
Water, please “AH-gwah, por fah-VOR”
6
Soy alérgico
I'm allergic “soy ah-LEHR-hee-koh”
7
La cuenta, por favor
The check, please “lah KWEN-tah, por fah-VOR”
8
Para llevar
To go “PAH-rah yeh-BAR”
Local etiquette
A tip (propina) of 10–15% is effectively expected. Check if service is already included (servicio incluido); if not, always leave one.
Salsas and chilies can be very hot. Ask about the heat level or say "Sin chile" first.
Lime (limón) and salsa usually come free on the side. Squeezing lime over tacos is the local way.
The check won't come until you ask — say "La cuenta, por favor" with a small hand gesture.
Getting around
1
¿Dónde está el baño?
Where is the restroom? “DOHN-deh eh-STAH el BAH-nyoh?”
2
¿Dónde está el metro?
Where is the metro? “DOHN-deh eh-STAH el MEH-troh?”
3
A esta dirección, por favor
To this address, please (taxi) “ah EH-stah dee-rek-SYON, por fah-VOR”
4
¿Usa taxímetro?
Do you use the meter? (taxi) “OO-sah tak-SEE-meh-troh?”
5
¿Cuánto al aeropuerto?
How much to the airport? “KWAN-toh al ah-eh-roh-PWER-toh?”
6
Pare aquí, por favor
Stop here, please “PAH-reh ah-KEE, por fah-VOR”
7
Estoy perdido
I'm lost “eh-STOY per-DEE-doh”
Local etiquette
Use the Uber or DiDi app rather than hailing taxis on the street — it's safer and the fare is transparent.
Mexico City's metro has women-and-children-only cars (at the front) during busy hours. Wear bags in front to guard against pickpockets.
In a street taxi, confirm the meter is used or agree on the fare before you set off.
Hotel
1
Tengo una reservación
I have a reservation “TEN-goh OO-nah reh-ser-bah-SYON”
2
Quiero registrarme
I'd like to check in “KYEH-roh reh-hee-STRAR-meh”
3
¿A qué hora es la salida?
What time is check-out? “ah keh OH-rah es lah sah-LEE-dah?”
4
¿Puedo dejar mi equipaje?
Can I leave my luggage? “PWEH-doh deh-HAR mee eh-kee-PAH-heh?”
5
¿Cuál es la contraseña del wifi?
What's the Wi-Fi password? “kwal es lah kon-trah-SEH-nyah del WEE-fee?”
Local etiquette
Your passport is required at check-in. Tourist hotels speak English, but local guesthouses may be Spanish-only.
It's customary to leave the housekeeper (camarista) a tip of about 20–50 pesos a day, placed by the pillow.
Emergency
1
¡Ayuda!
Help! “ah-YOO-dah!”
2
Llame a la policía
Call the police “YAH-meh ah lah poh-lee-SEE-ah”
3
Llame a una ambulancia
Call an ambulance “YAH-meh ah OO-nah am-boo-LAN-syah”
4
¿Dónde hay un hospital?
Where is there a hospital? “DOHN-deh eye oon oh-spee-TAHL?”
5
Perdí mi pasaporte
I lost my passport “per-DEE mee pah-sah-POR-teh”
Local etiquette
The unified emergency number is 911. Operators mostly speak Spanish, so have a translation app or your address ready.
Major tourist areas have Tourist Police (Policía Turística). Keep a passport copy separately and leave the original in the room safe.